Information from sensory memory may be selected for temporary storage and processing in working memory, which has very limited capacity. Sensory memory is transient, collecting information from the environment. Cognitive load theory, initially articulated by Sweller (1988, 1989, 1994), suggests that memory has several components. One of the primary considerations when constructing educational materials, including video, is cognitive load. What, then, are the principles that allow instructors to choose or develop videos that are effective in moving students toward the desired learning outcomes? Consideration of three elements for video design and implementation can help instructors maximize video’s utility in the biology classroom:
(2014) have shown that students often disregard large segments of educational videos, while MacHardy and Pardos (2015) demonstrate that some videos contribute little to student performance. The medium is not inherently effective, however Guo et al. Video may have particular value for student preparation in biology classes, in part because students may find it more engaging ( Stockwell et al., 2015) and because it can be well suited to illuminating the abstract or hard-to-visualize phenomena that are the focus of so many biology classes (e.g., Dash et al., 2016 see Video Views and Reviews features in CBE-Life Sciences Education for other examples). Several meta-analyses have shown that technology can enhance learning (e.g., Means et al., 2010 Schmid et al., 2014), and multiple studies have shown that video, specifically, can be a highly effective educational tool (e.g., Allen and Smith, 2012 Kay, 2012 Lloyd and Robertson, 2012 Rackaway, 2012 Hsin and Cigas, 2013 Stockwell et al., 2015). It is integrated as part of traditional courses, serves as a cornerstone of many blended courses, and is often the main information-delivery mechanism in online courses. She’ll ask if he remembers her name, and he’ll explain that it was something flowery and starts with a D.Video has become an important part of higher education.
Then, he’ll say he’ll go looking for the brother, starting with the nanny. Again, she’ll get it if you don’t during this loop. Things will start to click for him, and your wife will once again decide to give him the watch after hearing about his daughter. Answer it when he does, then your wife will explain everything to him, including that the killer was actually her brother. When he arrives, you’ll hear him talk with Bumblebee again before ringing the doorbell. To speed up time here, hit ‘talk about the cop’ then wait for him to arrive (you can also advance time by lying on the bed). When she walks away, click on her again and talk about her past, then find out some more about her brother being the killer.
12 MINUTES GUIDE FULL
This will prompt a full breakdown of everything that’s known up to this point (if needed, keep clicking to fast forward). Talk about her past again and tell her you know what’s in the vent. Now, head back out to talk with your wife again. Once again, tell her that your wife is innocent and she’ll agree to talk to her father.
Similar to before, head back to the closet to phone Bumblebee.
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